Royal Borough of Greenwich: Difference between revisions
Place in United Kingdom
The Royal Borough of Greenwich (, , or )[1][2] is a London borough in southeast Greater London, England. The London Borough of Greenwich was formed in 1965 by the London Government Act 1963. The new borough covered the former area of the Metropolitan Borough of Greenwich and part of the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich to the east. The local council is Greenwich London Borough Council which meets in Woolwich Town Hall. The council’s offices are also based in Woolwich, the main urban centre in the borough.
Greenwich is the location of the Greenwich prime meridian, on which all Coordinated Universal Time is based. The prime meridian running through Greenwich, and the Greenwich Observatory is where the designation Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT began, and on which all world times are based. In 2012, Greenwich was listed as a top ten global destination by Frommer’s – the only UK destination to be listed.
To mark the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Greenwich became a Royal Borough on 3 February 2012, due in part to its historic links with the Royal Family, and to its UNESCO World Heritage Site status as home of the Prime Meridian.
History[edit]
The London Borough of Greenwich was formed on 1 April 1965 under the terms of the London Government Act 1963. It covered the former area of the Metropolitan Borough of Greenwich and the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich, except for North Woolwich which was north of the River Thames.[3]
The name ‘Charlton‘ was briefly considered as the name for the new borough.[4] Greenwich Council applied for city status in 2002, but was turned down.[5]
To mark the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II, on 3 February 2012 Greenwich became the fourth Royal Borough, an honour additional to its historic links with the Royal Family, and its status as home of the Prime Meridian and as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[6][7][8]
Geography[edit]
The borough lies along the south bank of the River Thames between Deptford and Thamesmead. It has an area of 5,044 hectares. Because of the bends of the river, its waterfront is as long as 8.5 miles. Travelling south away from the waterfront, the ground rises: Shooters Hill in the east and the high ground of Blackheath in the west bookend the borough, Eltham to the south of these hills falls away slightly.
Greenwich is bounded by the London Boroughs of Bexley to the east, Bromley to the south, Lewisham to the west and across the River Thames to the north lie Tower Hamlets, Newham and Barking and Dagenham.
Demographics[edit]
The borough’s population in 2011 was 254,557.[9] 52.3% of the community defined themselves as White British. The largest minority groups represented were of Black and Asian heritage.
Approximately 44,500 international migrants arrived in the Royal Borough between the years 2001 and 2011.[10] Of these, 25% arrived from EU member states, 24.5% arrived from central and western Africa, and 18.9% arrived from southern Asia.[10] The most common country of birth in this period was Nigeria.[10]
The Royal Borough in 2015 had a general fertility rate of 72.7 live births per 1,000 aged 15–44, higher than the London average of 63.9 and the England average of 62.5.[10]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1801 | 16,866 | — |
| 1811 | 20,900 | +23.9% |
| 1821 | 25,208 | +20.6% |
| 1831 | 30,113 | +19.5% |
| 1841 | 38,284 | +27.1% |
| 1851 | 52,190 | +36.3% |
| 1861 | 74,801 | +43.3% |
| 1871 | 97,413 | +30.2% |
| 1881 | 120,024 | +23.2% |
| 1891 | 174,316 | +45.2% |
| 1901 | 185,062 | +6.2% |
| 1911 | 196,471 | +6.2% |
| 1921 | 213,562 | +8.7% |
| 1931 | 232,142 | +8.7% |
| 1941 | 227,864 | −1.8% |
| 1951 | 223,674 | −1.8% |
| 1961 | 220,305 | −1.5% |
| 1971 | 216,993 | −1.5% |
| 1981 | 209,868 | −3.3% |
| 1991 | 213,488 | +1.7% |
| 2001 | 214,540 | +0.5% |
| 2011 | 254,557 | +18.7% |
| 2021 | 289,100 | +13.6% |
| Note:[11] | ||
Ethnicity[edit]
| Ethnic Group | Year | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 estimations[12] | 1991[13] | 2001[14] | 2011[15] | 2021[16] | ||||||
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| White: Total | 190,718 | 92% | 181,193 | 87.3% | 165,357 | 77.1% | 159,002 | 62.5% | 161,006 | 55.7% |
| White: British | – | – | – | – | 151,291 | 70.6% | 133,130 | 52.3% | 119,665 | 41.4% |
| White: Irish | – | – | – | – | 4,871 | % | 4,291 | 1.7% | 4,230 | 1.5% |
| White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller | – | – | – | – | – | – | 430 | 0.2% | 385 | 0.1% |
| White: Roma | – | – | 882 | 0.3% | ||||||
| White: Other | – | – | – | – | 9,195 | 4.2% | 21,581 | 8.3% | 35,844 | 12.4% |
| Asian or Asian British: Total | – | – | 12,765 | 6.14% | 17,118 | 7.98% | 29,894 | 11.7% | 38,028 | 13.1% |
| Asian or Asian British: Indian | – | – | 7107 | 3.4% | 9,389 | % | 7,836 | 3.1% | 10,128 | 3.5% |
| Asian or Asian British: Pakistani | – | – | 1251 | 1,909 | % | 2,594 | 1.0% | 3,538 | 1.2% | |
| Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi | – | – | 381 | 1,236 | % | 1,645 | 0.6% | 2,395 | 0.8% | |
| Asian or Asian British: Chinese | – | – | 1681 | 2,540 | % | 5,061 | 2.0% | 7,125 | 2.5% | |
| Asian or Asian British: Other Asian | – | – | 2345 | 2,044 | % | 12,758 | 5.0% | 14,842 | 5.1% | |
| Black or Black British:… | ||||||||||
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