1886 eruption of Mount Tarawera: Difference between revisions

Mount Tarawera is one of several volcanoes within the [[Ōkataina Volcanic Centre]], with other volcanic features within this complex including [[Putauaki]] and the [[Haroharo Caldera|Haroharo vents]], as well as [[Lake Rotomā|Lakes Rotomā]] and [[Lake Ōkareka|Ōkareka]].{{cite web |last1=Nairn |first1=I.A. |title=Volcanic hazards at Okataina Centre |url=https://www.gns.cri.nz/Home/Learning/Science-Topics/Volcanoes/New-Zealand-Volcanoes/Volcano-Geology-and-Hazards/Okataina-Volcanic-Centre-Geology |website=gns.cri.nz |publisher=Ministry of Civil Defence |access-date=4 February 2022 |location=Palmerston North|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119141008/https://www.gns.cri.nz/Home/Learning/Science-Topics/Volcanoes/New-Zealand-Volcanoes/Volcano-Geology-and-Hazards/Okataina-Volcanic-Centre-Geology}} The Ōkataina Volcanic Centre, one of eight caldera systems in the [[Taupō Volcanic Zone]],{{cite journal |last1=Cole |first1=J. W. |last2=Deering |first2=C. D. |last3=Burt |first3=R. M. |last4=Sewell |first4=S. |last5=Shane |first5=P. A. R. |last6=Matthews |first6=N. E. |title=Okataina Volcanic Centre, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: A review of volcanism and synchronous pluton development in an active, dominantly silicic caldera system |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |date=1 January 2014 |volume=128 |pages=1–17 |doi=10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.10.008 |access-date=4 February 2022 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012825213001748}} is believed to have begun forming around 400,000 years ago, with five of six major eruptions contributing to the formation of the caldera over a period of ~350,000 years.{{cite journal |last1=Hughes |first1=Ery C. |last2=Law |first2=Sally |last3=Kilgour |first3=Geoff |last4=Blundy |first4=Jon D. |last5=Mader |first5=Heidy M. |title=Storage, evolution, and mixing in basaltic eruptions from around the Okataina Volcanic Centre, Taupō Volcanic Zone, Aotearoa New Zealand |journal=Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |date=February 2023 |volume=434 |pages=107715 |doi=10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107715}} Over the past 21,000 years, an estimated {{convert|80|km3}} of magma and volcanic material has collectively been ejected from 40 vents in the caldera in 11 distinct episodes of activity.

Mount Tarawera is one of several volcanoes within the [[Ōkataina Volcanic Centre]], with other volcanic features within this complex including [[Putauaki]] and the [[Haroharo Caldera|Haroharo vents]], as well as [[Lake Rotomā|Lakes Rotomā]] and [[Lake Ōkareka|Ōkareka]].{{cite web |last1=Nairn |first1=I.A. |title=Volcanic hazards at Okataina Centre |url=https://www.gns.cri.nz/Home/Learning/Science-Topics/Volcanoes/New-Zealand-Volcanoes/Volcano-Geology-and-Hazards/Okataina-Volcanic-Centre-Geology |website=gns.cri.nz |publisher=Ministry of Civil Defence |access-date=4 February 2022 |location=Palmerston North|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119141008/https://www.gns.cri.nz/Home/Learning/Science-Topics/Volcanoes/New-Zealand-Volcanoes/Volcano-Geology-and-Hazards/Okataina-Volcanic-Centre-Geology}} The Ōkataina Volcanic Centre, one of eight caldera systems in the [[Taupō Volcanic Zone]],{{cite journal |last1=Cole |first1=J. W. |last2=Deering |first2=C. D. |last3=Burt |first3=R. M. |last4=Sewell |first4=S. |last5=Shane |first5=P. A. R. |last6=Matthews |first6=N. E. |title=Okataina Volcanic Centre, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: A review of volcanism and synchronous pluton development in an active, dominantly silicic caldera system |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |date=1 January 2014 |volume=128 |pages=1–17 |doi=10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.10.008 |access-date=4 February 2022 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012825213001748}} is believed to have begun forming around 400,000 years ago, with five of six major eruptions contributing to the formation of the caldera over a period of ~350,000 years.{{cite journal |last1=Hughes |first1=Ery C. |last2=Law |first2=Sally |last3=Kilgour |first3=Geoff |last4=Blundy |first4=Jon D. |last5=Mader |first5=Heidy M. |title=Storage, evolution, and mixing in basaltic eruptions from around the Okataina Volcanic Centre, Taupō Volcanic Zone, Aotearoa New Zealand |journal=Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |date=February 2023 |volume=434 |pages=107715 |doi=10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107715}} Over the past 21,000 years, an estimated {{convert|80|km3}} of magma and…