Parent–teacher association: Difference between revisions
{{Short description|Group that facilitates parental participation in a school}}
{{Short description|Group that facilitates parental participation in a school}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}A ”’parent–teacher association/organization”’ (”’PTA/PTO”’), ”’parent-teacher-friend association”’ (”’PTFA”’),{{cite web |title=Plymouth High School for Girls Parents, Teachers, Friends Association |url=https://phsg.eschools.co.uk/web/ptfa/389153 |access-date=20 Jan 2021 |publisher=phsg.eschools.co.uk}}{{cite web |title=About Friends of Little Munden (FoLM) |url=https://www.folm.org.uk/about |access-date=20 Jan 2021 |publisher=www.folm.org.uk}} or ”’parent–teacher–student association”’ (”’PTSA”’) is a formal organization composed of parents, teachers and staff that is intended to facilitate parental participation in a school.{{TOC limit|3}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}A ”’parent–teacher association/organization”’ (”’PTA/PTO”’), ”’parent-teacher-friend association”’ (”’PTFA”’),{{cite web |title=Plymouth High School for Girls Parents, Teachers, Friends Association |url=https://phsg.eschools.co.uk/web/ptfa/389153 |access-date=20 Jan 2021 |publisher=phsg.eschools.co.uk}}{{cite web |title=About Friends of Little Munden (FoLM) |url=https://www.folm.org.uk/about |access-date=20 Jan 2021 |publisher=www.folm.org.uk}} or ”’parent–teacher–student association”’ (”’PTSA”’) is a formal organization composed of parents, teachers and staff that is intended to facilitate parental participation in a school.
==Australia and New Zealand==
In Australia, the function of PTAs is filled by [[parents and citizens]] associations, which are governed by both state and national organisational bodies.
==India==
=== National Policy on Education, 1986, India ===
A 1992, “Program on Action” for the 1986 [[National Policy on Education]] encouraged ‘giving pre-eminence to people’s involvement including association of non-governmental and voluntary effort’.{{cite web|title=National Policy on Education, 1986; Programme on Action 1992|url=http://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/npe.pdf|website=Ministry of Human Resource Development}}
=== Government schemes ===
Government education schemes such as [[Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan]] (RMSA) and [[Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan]] (SSA) have advocated community mobilisation and involvement. Under RMSA every school should have a PTA. School Development Management Committees (SDMCs) should co-exist with PTAs and leverage their functions. PTAs which should conduct meetings at least once a month and present SDMCs with a register of complaints, suggestions and actions taken. In 2013–14 37.54% of the schools in India had a PTA.{{cite web|title=Secondary Education in India, State Report Cards 2013–14|url=http://dise.in/Downloads/SEMIS-STRC-2013-14/SEMIS-State_Report_Cards_2013-14.pdf|website=District Information System for Education}} A 2010 study suggested that 50% of parents in rural areas and 45% in urban areas were aware of the existence of school PTAs.{{cite web|title=Evaluation of Sarva Siksha Abhiyan, May 2010|url=http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/peoreport/peoevalu/peo_ssa2106.pdf|website=Government of India Planning Commission}}
=== State guidelines===
==== Maharashtra ====
In 1996, the Maharashtra government declared PTAs mandatory in all schools within the state. By 2014 50% of the schools had a PTA.
State guidelines for PTAs included:
* The parents of every student shall be members of a PTA
* The PTA does not interfere in the day-to-day administration of the schools
* 50% of PTA members should be women
* Duties of the PTA committee should involve assisting the school in planning and organising educational programs, seeing the syllabus is completed, to collect and present information regarding school fees{{cite web|title=Guiding principles for establishing -Teachers Associations in the recognized permanent private non-aided schools from the state of Maharashtra|url=http://k12schoolsindia.in/admin/upload/english/20470591861357907111.pdf|website=K12 Schools in India}}
==== Delhi ====
The government of Delhi made PTAs mandatory in government-aided and private unaided schools. All parents are members of the PTA. PTA elections should be every other year and the PTA should hold a general meeting at least once a year.{{cite web|title=DoE, Delhi PTA|url=http://www.actcommittee.com/order_12.2.2010.pdf|website=Action Committee Unaided Recognized Private Schools}} 78.21% of the schools in Delhi have a PTA.
==== Madhya Pradesh ====
Decentralisation of school management was promoted…
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